NgoJanuwari 12, iSifundazwe saseHebei sazisa ukuthi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthunyelwa kwalolu bhubhane, iDolobha laseShijiazhuang, iDolobha laseXingtai, neDolobha laseLangfang izovalwa ukuze kuphathwe, futhi izisebenzi nezimoto ngeke ziphume ngaphandle uma kunesidingo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amacala angavamile e-Heilongjiang, e-Liaoning, e-Beijing nakwezinye izindawo awazange ame, futhi izindawo zikhuphukele ezindaweni ezinobungozi obuphakathi ngezikhathi ezithile.Zonke izingxenye zezwe nazo zigcizelele ukwehliswa kohambo ngesikhathi soMkhosi Wasentwasahlobo kanye nokugubha uNyaka Omusha endaweni.Kungazelelwe, isimo sokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane saphinde sashuba.
Ngonyaka odlule, lapho lolu bhubhane luqala ukugqashuka, isasasa labantu bonke “lokugebenga” imaski lalisacacile.Phakathi kwemikhiqizo eyishumi ephezulu emenyezelwe yiTaobao ka-2020, imaski ibalwe ngokumangazayo.Ngo-2020, ingqikithi yabantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-7.5 basesha igama elingukhiye elithi “imaski” eTaobao.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2021, ukuthengiswa kwemaski kuphinde kwaletha ukukhula.Kodwa manje, akusadingeki "sibambe" imaski.Esithangamini sabezindaba sakamuva se-BYD, uSihlalo we-BYD u-Wang Chuanfu uthe phakathi nalolu bhubhane, ukuphuma kwamamaski kwansuku zonke kwe-BYD kufinyelele ezigidini eziyikhulu, "Angesabi ukusebenzisa imaski ngoNcibijane kulo nyaka."
U-Ran Caijing uthole ukuthi emakhemisi amakhulu nasezinkundleni zokuxhumana ze-e-commerce, ukuhlinzekwa kanye nentengo yemaski kuyinto evamile.Ngisho nebhizinisi elincane, elinokuzwela okuphezulu kakhulu kokuhogela, lanyamalala embuthanweni wabangane.
Onyakeni odlule, imboni yemaski iye yahlangabezana nokukhuphuka nokwehla okufana ne-rollercoaster.Ekuqaleni kokuqubuka kwalesi sifo, isidingo samaski sakhula kakhulu, nama-oda avela ezweni lonke ayeshoda.Inganekwane yezifihla-buso “zokwenza ingcebo” idlalwa nsuku zonke.Lokhu kuphinde kwaheha inqwaba yabantu ukuthi baqale ukuhlangana embonini, kusukela kwezinkulu ezikhiqizayo kuya kodokotela abancane nabaphakathi."Isiphepho" sokukhiqiza imaski.
Ngesinye isikhathi, ukwenza imali ngamaski kwakulula njengalokho: thenga imishini yemaski nezinto zokusetshenziswa, thola indawo, umeme abasebenzi, bese kusungulwa imboni yemaski.Udokotela uthe ekuqaleni, ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwemboni yemaski kuthatha isonto elilodwa kuphela, noma izinsuku ezintathu noma ezine, ukubuyisela.
Kepha "inkathi yegolide" yokuceba yathatha izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela.Ngokukhula komthamo wokukhiqiza wasekhaya, ukuhlinzekwa kwamamaski kwaqala ukwehla esidingweni, futhi inqwaba yezimboni ezincane “ezase zisengxenyeni yokuphuma” zawa ngokulandelana.Amanani entengo yemishini yemaski nezinye izinto ezihambisanayo nezinto zokusetshenziswa njengendwangu encibilikisiwe nazo zibuyele kwesejwayelekile ngemuva kokubhekana nokukhuphuka nokwehla okukhulu.
Izimboni zamamaski ezisunguliwe, izinkampani ezisohlwini ezinemiqondo ehlobene nezikhondlakhondla zokukhiqiza seziphenduke abawinile abasele kulo mkhakha.Ngonyaka owodwa, iqoqo labantu abasusiwe lingakhukhuleka, futhi “imboni yemaski ekhiqizwa ngobuningi” entsha ingadalwa-i-BYD isibe ngumnqobi omkhulu embonini yemaski ngo-2020.
Umuntu osondelene ne-BYD uthe ngo-2020, imaski izoba ngelinye lamabhizinisi amathathu amakhulu e-BYD, kanti amanye amabili ayizimboni nezimoto.“Kulinganiselwa ukuthi imali etholwa yimaski ye-BYD ingamashumi ezigidigidi.Ngoba i-BYD ingomunye wabahlinzeki abakhulu bokuthumela imaski kwamanye amazwe. ”
Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi kukhona imaski eyanele yasekhaya, izwe lami seliphenduke umthombo obalulekile wokuhlinzekwa komaski emhlabeni jikelele.Idatha ngoDisemba 2020 ikhombisa ukuthi izwe lami linikeze imaski engaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-200 emhlabeni, ama-30 umuntu ngamunye emhlabeni.
Amamaski amancane ephathi athwala imizwa eminingi exakile yabantu onyakeni odlule.Kuze kube manje, futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nangesikhathi eside ngemva kwalokho, kusazoba isidingo sokuthi wonke umuntu angakwazi ukuhamba.Kodwa-ke, imboni yemaski yasekhaya ngeke iphinde “uhlanya” lonyaka odlule.
Ngenkathi imboni iwa, kwakusenezimaski eziyizigidi eziyisi-6 endaweni yokugcina impahla
Njengoba kusondela uMkhosi Wasentwasahlobo ka-2021, u-Zhao Xiu ubuyela edolobheni lakubo ukuyoqeda izabelo zefekthri yemaski nabalingani bakhe.Ngalesi sikhathi, kwase kuwunyaka owodwa impela selokhu kwasungulwa imboni yabo yemaski.
UZhao Xiu wayengomunye wabantu ekuqaleni kuka-2020 ababecabanga ukuthi usebambe “ukufinyelela” kwemboni yemaski.Kwakuyinkathi "yenganekwane yomlingo".Abakhiqizi bemaski abaningi baqhamuke belandelana, amanani enyuka, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuthengiswa, kodwa kwabuyela ngokushesha ekuzoleni.U-Zhao Xiu wenze izibalo ezinzima.Kuze kube manje, yena ngokwakhe ucishe walahlekelwa ngaphezu kwesigidi samayuan.“Kulo nyaka, kufana nokugibela i-roller coaster.”Adonse umoya.
NgoJanuwari 26, 2020, ngosuku lwesibili Lonyaka Omusha Wenyanga, uZhao Xiu, owayegubha uNcibijane edolobheni lakubo e-Xi'an, wathola ucingo oluvela ku-Chen Chuan, “umfowethu omkhulu” ahlangana naye.Utshele uZhao Xiu ocingweni ukuthi isiyatholakala emakethe.Isidingo samaski sikhulu kakhulu, futhi “ithuba elihle” selilapha.Lokhu kuhambisane nombono kaZhao Xiu.Bayishaya.UZhao Xiu ubambe amasheya angama-40% kwathi uChen Chuan wabamba u-60%.Kwasungulwa imboni yokufihla ubuso.
UZhao Xiu unolwazi oluthile kulo mkhakha.Ngaphambi kwalolu bhubhane, imaski yayingeyona imboni eyenza inzuzo.Wayesebenza enkampanini yendawo eXi'an esebenza embonini yokuvikela imvelo.Umkhiqizo wakhe oyinhloko kwakuyizinto zokuhlanza umoya, kanti imaski elwa nentuthu kwakuyimikhiqizo esiza.UZhao Xiu wayazi izisekelo ezimbili kuphela ezisebenzisanayo.Umugqa wokukhiqiza imaski.Kodwa lokhu kakade kuyinsiza engavamile kubo.
Ngaleso sikhathi, isidingo samamaski e-KN95 sasingesikhulu njengakamuva, ngakho-ke uZhao Xiu ekuqaleni wayehlose imaski yezakhamizi ezilahlwayo.Kusukela ekuqaleni, waba nomuzwa wokuthi amandla okukhiqiza emigqa emibili yokukhiqiza ye-Foundry ayengekho phezulu ngokwanele."Ingakhiqiza imaski engaphansi kuka-20,000 kuphela ngosuku."Ngakho-ke bamane basebenzisa i-yuan eyizigidi ezingu-1.5 emugqeni omusha wokukhiqiza.
Umshini wamaski usuphenduke umkhiqizo onenzuzo.UZhao Xiu, osanda kungena kulayini wokukhiqiza, uqale wabhekana nenkinga yokuthenga umshini wokufihla ubuso.Babheka abantu yonke indawo, futhi ekugcineni balithenga ngenani lama-yuan angu-700,000.
Uchungechunge lwezimboni oluhlobene lwamamaski nalo lihlangene langenisa intengo ekhuphukayo ekuqaleni kuka-2020.
Ngokusho kwe-“China Business News”, cishe ngo-April 2020, intengo yamanje yomshini wemaski we-KN95 ozenzakalelayo ikhuphuke isuka kumayuan angama-800,000 ngeyunithi ngayinye yaya kumayuan ayizigidi ezi-4;intengo yamanje yomshini wemaski we-semi-automatic KN95 Iphinde yakhuphuka isuka kumayuan ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ambalwa esikhathini esidlule yaya kumayuan ayizigidi ezimbili.
Ngokusho komuntu ongaphakathi embonini, intengo yokuqala yefekthri yokuhlinzeka ngebhuloho le-mask e-Tianjin yayingu-7 yuan ngekhilogremu, kodwa intengo iqhubekile nokukhuphuka ngenyanga eyodwa noma ezimbili ngemuva kukaFebhuwari 2020. , kodwa isashoda.”
Inkampani ka-Li Tong yenza uhwebo lwangaphandle lwemikhiqizo yensimbi, yaphinde yathola nebhizinisi lemichilo yekhala lemaski okokuqala ngqa ngoFebhuwari 2020. I-oda livela ekhasimendeni laseKorea ela-oda amathani ayi-18 ngesikhathi, kanye nelokugcina lakwamanye amazwe. intengo yokuhweba ifinyelele ku-12-13 yuan/kg.
Okufanayo kuya ezindlekweni zabasebenzi.Ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu semakethe kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, abasebenzi abanamakhono bangachazwa ngokuthi “kunzima ukuthola umuntu oyedwa.”“Ngaleso sikhathi, inkosi eyalungisa umshini wokuvala imaskhi yayisikhokhisa ama-yuan angu-5,000 ngosuku, futhi yayingakwazi ukudayisa.Uma ungavumi ukuhamba ngokushesha, abantu ngeke bakulinde, futhi uzothola ukuqhuma usuku lonke.Intengo evamile ngaphambili, i-yuan eyi-1,000 ngosuku.Imali yanele.Kamuva, uma ufuna ukuyilungisa, izobiza ama-yuan angu-5000 ngesigamu sosuku.”U-Zhao Xiu ukhale.
Ngaleso sikhathi, isisebenzi esijwayelekile sokulungisa amaphutha emshinini we-mask sasingathola ama-yuan angama-50,000 kuye kwangama-60,000 ngezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ulayini wokuzakhela weZhao Xiu wamiswa ngokushesha.Esiqongweni sayo, lapho kuhlanganiswa nomugqa wokukhiqiza we-Foundry, okukhiphayo nsuku zonke kungafinyelela kumaski angama-200,000.UZhao Xiu uthe ngaleso sikhathi babesebenza cishe amahora angama-20 ngosuku, kanti abasebenzi nemishini babengaphumuli.
Kungalesi sikhathi futhi lapho intengo yamaski yakhuphuka yafika ezingeni elibi kakhulu.Kunzima ukuthola “imaski” emakethe, futhi imaski evamile eyayingamasenti ambalwa ingadayiswa ngisho ngama-yuan angu-5 lilinye.
Izindleko zezifihla-buso ezikhiqizwa imboni kaZhao Xiu zilinganiselwa ku-1 cent;endaweni yenzuzo ephakeme kakhulu, intengo yangaphambili yemboni ye-mask ingathengiswa ngamasenti angama-80.Ngaleso sikhathi, ngangihola i-yuan eyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili ngosuku.
Ngisho noma beyifekthri “eyizinkinga ezincane” kangako, abazikhathazi ngama-oda.Lapho kubhekene nokushoda kwamafekthri akhiqiza imaski, ngoFebhuwari 2020, ifektri kaZhao Xiu yafakwa ohlwini lwenkampani yesiqiniseko sokulwa nobhubhane yiKhomishini Yendawo Yezokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko, futhi inomgomo obekiwe wokuphakelwa."Lesi yisikhathi sethu esibalulekile."Kusho uZhao Xiu.
Kodwa ababengakulindele ukuthi lo “mzuzu wokugqama”, owathatha inyanga kuphela, wanyamalala ngokushesha.
Njengabo, iqembu lezinkampani zamaski ezincane neziphakathi lasungulwa ngokushesha ngesikhathi esifushane.Ngokusho kwedatha ye-Tianyan Check, ngoFebhuwari 2020, isibalo sezinkampani ezihlobene nemaski ezibhaliswe kuleyo nyanga iyodwa safinyelela ku-4376, okuwukunyuka kwama-280.19% ukusuka enyangeni edlule.
Inani elikhulu lemaski livele lagcwala izimakethe ezahlukahlukene.Ukugadwa kwemakethe kwaqala ukulawula amanani ngokuqinile.E-Xi'an, lapho kutholakala khona u-Zhao Xiu, “ukuqondisa izimakethe kuya kuba nzima, futhi amanani okuqala aphezulu awasakwazi.”
Igalelo elibulalayo kuZhao Xiu kwaba ukungena kweziqhwaga ezikhiqizayo.
Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari 2020, i-BYD yamemezela ukuguqulwa kwephrofayili ephezulu yokungena embonini yokukhiqiza imaski.Maphakathi noFebhuwari, imaski ye-BYD yaqala ukungena emakethe futhi kancane kancane yathumba imakethe.Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba, ngoMashi, i-BYD isivele ikhiqize imaski eyizigidi ezi-5 ngosuku, okulingana ne-1/4 yomthamo wokukhiqiza kazwelonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani ezikhiqizayo ezihlanganisa iGree, Foxconn, OPPO, Sangun underwear, izingubo zikabhontshisi obomvu, izindwangu zasekhaya zeMercury nazo zimemezele ukubamba iqhaza kwazo ebuthweni lokukhiqiza imaski.
“Awazi nokuthi ufe kanjani!”Kuze kube manje, u-Zhao Xiu akakwazanga ukulawula ukumangala kwakhe, “Umoya unamandla.Kunolaka kakhulu.Ngokuphazima kweso, kubonakala sengathi akukho ukushoda kwezifihla-buso kuyo yonke imakethe!”
NgoMashi 2020, ngenxa yokwenyuka kokuhlinzekwa kwemakethe nokulawulwa kwamanani entengo, ifektri yaseZhao Xiu empeleni ayinayo inzuzo enkulu.Waqongelela iziteshi ezithile ngesikhathi esebenza embonini yokuvikela imvelo, kodwa ngemva kokuba imboni enkulu ingene emdlalweni, wathola ukuthi amandla okuxoxisana ezinhlangothi zombili awekho ezingeni elifanayo, nama-oda amaningi awazange atholwe.
UZhao Xiu waqala ukuzisindisa.Bake bashintshela kumamaski e-KN95, beqondise ezikhungweni zezokwelapha zendawo.Futhi babene-oda lama-yuan angama-50,000.Kodwa ngokushesha bathola ukuthi lapho imigudu evamile yokuphakela lezi zikhungo ingasaqinile, bazolahlekelwa amandla abo okuncintisana."Abakhiqizi abakhulu bangabeka yonke into kusukela kumamaski kuya ezimpahleni zokuzivikela ngesikhathi esisodwa."
Engazimisele ukubuyisana, uZhao Xiu uzame ukuya esiteshini sokuhweba sangaphandle samaski e-KN95.Ukuze athengise, waqasha abathengisi abangu-15 embonini.Phakathi nalolu bhubhane, izindleko zabasebenzi zaziphezulu, uZhao Xiu wayigodla imali yakhe, kanti iholo eliyisisekelo labathengisi lakhushulelwa cishe ama-yuan angu-8,000.Omunye wabaholi beqembu uze wazuza umholo oyisisekelo wamayuan angu-15,000.
Kodwa ukuhweba kwamanye amazwe akuwona umuthi osindisa impilo kubakhiqizi bamaski abancane nabaphakathi.Ukuze uthumele imaski phesheya kwezilwandle, udinga ukufaka isicelo sokuthola izitifiketi zezokwelapha ezifanele, njengesitifiketi se-EU's CE kanye nesitifiketi se-US FDA.Ngemuva kuka-Ephreli 2020, iGeneral Administration of Customs yakhipha isimemezelo sokuqalisa ukuhlolwa kwempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle ekuthunyelweni komaski bezokwelapha nezinye izinto zokwelashwa.Abakhiqizi abaningi abakhiqize imaski ekuqaleni abakwazanga ukuphasisa ukuhlolwa okusemthethweni kwamasiko ngenxa yokuthi abazitholanga izitifiketi ezifanele.
Imboni kaZhao Xiu yathola i-oda lezohwebo elikhulu kunawo wonke ngaleso sikhathi, okwakuyizingcezu eziyizigidi ezi-5.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abakwazi ukuthola isitifiketi se-EU.
Ngo-Ephreli 2020, u-Chen Chuan waphinde wathola u-Zhao Xiu.“Yeka.Ngeke sikwenze lokhu.”UZhao Xiu ukhumbule ngokusobala ukuthi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, abezindaba babesanda kubika izindaba zokuthi "i-BYD ithole cishe ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1 kuma-oda wamaski avela eCalifornia, e-USA".
Lapho ukukhiqizwa kuyeka, kwakusenezimaski ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezine ezilahlwayo kanye nemaski e-KN95 angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.7 emafektri abo.Umshini wokufihla imaskhi udonselwe endaweni yokugcina izimpahla efemini eJiangxi, lapho usagcinwe khona kuze kube manje.Engeza amathuluzi, umsebenzi, indawo, izinto zokusetshenziswa, njll. efektri, uZhao Xiu wabala ukuthi balahlekelwe ama-yuan ayizigidi ezintathu kuya kwezine.
Njengefekthri kaZhao Xiu, inqwaba yezinkampani zamaski ezincane neziphakathi nendawo “ezingene phakathi” seziphinde zahlelwa kabusha engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2020. Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba, bekunezinkulungwane zezimboni zamaski edolobheni elincane I-Anhui phakathi nalolu bhubhane, kodwa ngoMeyi 2020, ama-80% ezimboni zamaski ayeseyekile ukukhiqiza, ebhekene nenkinga yokungabi bikho kwama-oda nokungathengiswa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-13-2021
